David Brooks.
In the wake of the disastrous earthquake last week in Haiti, Brooks wrote a potentially interesting column on the problems of international aid. Brooks mentions the complex issues of why aid often fails to help the countries it’s intended for; certainly a worthwhile and interesting debate, but he only briefly mentions it before laying some of the blame for Haiti’s disastrous conditions on Haitian culture:
“Third, it is time to put the thorny issue of culture at the center of efforts to tackle global poverty. Why is Haiti so poor? Well, it has a history of oppression, slavery and colonialism. But so does Barbados, and Barbados is doing pretty well. Haiti has endured ruthless dictators, corruption and foreign invasions. But so has the Dominican Republic, and the D.R. is in much better shape. Haiti and the Dominican Republic share the same island and the same basic environment, yet the border between the two societies offers one of the starkest contrasts on earth — with trees and progress on one side, and deforestation and poverty and early death on the other.
As Lawrence E. Harrison explained in his book “The Central Liberal Truth,” Haiti, like most of the world’s poorest nations, suffers from a complex web of progress-resistant cultural influences. There is the influence of the voodoo religion, which spreads the message that life is capricious and planning futile. There are high levels of social mistrust. Responsibility is often not internalized. Child-rearing practices often involve neglect in the early years and harsh retribution when kids hit 9 or 10.
We’re all supposed to politely respect each other’s cultures. But some cultures are more progress-resistant than others, and a horrible tragedy was just exacerbated by one of them.”

David Brooks Saying Something? Probably Not
A couple months ago Brooks wrote a piece on young people, texting, and the corrosive effect it has on human relationships, which made me think he was living in the 1950s, and the above paragraphs seem to confirm it.
Am I reading The Protestant Ethic?
First off, if you’re going to bash an entire culture and blame it for a nation’s shortcomings, you better know a hell of a lot about that culture. David Brooks previous work and expertise regarding Haiti is…oh right, nothing.
Brooks’ espousal of a cultural explanation for Haiti’s poverty (as opposed to a historical or structural one) is one of the most arcane explanations around. Especially for a conservative writer like himself, it makes no damn sense. Brooks should know that people respond to material incentives, regardless of their cultures. Does culture play a role? Yes, of course. But it’s only a small part. When people are hungry, whether Christian Dominicans or Haitian, they eat, and to eat, they work. Places like Haiti aren’t messed up because of Haitian culture, they’re messed up because of a combination of historical circumstances and my favorite explanation, STRUCTURAL FACTORS!
Besides the fact that this argument is just plain offensive, it ignores that such conceptions of particular cultures, such as the crude and broad one of Haitian culture offered by Brooks, are often shaped more by the condition of its people than the culture itself. Defining a culture’s values, is, as he should know, a pretty absurd endeavor as cultures are flexible and fluid and change with the times. If a country is dirt poor, naturally one will look for the negatives of its culture to bolster their argument. Were Haiti a wealthy country, however, Brooks would probably be praising Haiti’s voodoo culture for the flexibility and creativity it imbues in its inhabitants.
Ha-Joon Chang, author of Bad Samaritans, offers a great rebuttal to the culture argument by pointing out that a century ago, Westerners considered the Japanese to be lazy and the Germans to be thieving tricksters. Up until very recently, Chang points out, Koreans were considered habitually late and lethargic. The book is a great read, and one of the highlights is Chapter 9, Lazy Japanese and Thieving Germans, which provides a clear refutation of the cultural explanation. Click and read–the guy is smarter than I am, and a much better writer to boot.
After bashing Haitian culture, Brooks then calls for stronger paternalism and quotes Sam Huntington. Need I say more?